Régulation School and environment: Theoretical proposals and avenues of research

The article explores the relevance of a particular approach of the institutionalist movement, régulation theory, to deal with the relationship between the economy and the environment. Régulation theory, which appeared in France at the end of the 1970s, is mainly interested in macroeconomic issues. In contrast, until now it has tended to neglect environmental questions. By taking several key concepts of this theory (accumulation regime, mode of régulation, institutional forms), we have sought to assess its significance vis-à-vis the environmental field. More precisely, from the perspective of establishing an environmental regulationist theory, we propose considering the economic relation to the environment as the articulation of three forms: a transhistorical form, a general capitalist form and a specific capitalist form, the latter being variable in capitalist time and space. We give several illustrations of the variability of the relation to the environment, depending on the different accumulation regimes and the different modes of régulation. Two principal avenues of research are proposed: historical analyses for given economic areas, and comparative analyses relating in particular to different capitalist areas.     

Embodied and Disembodied Technical Change in Fisheries: An Analysis of the Sète Trawl Fishery, 1985–1999

Overfishing and excess capacity in mostfisheries around the world have generated considerableand increasing concern about their biological and economic performance ramifications. Theseproblems, in part, stem from substantialinvestment in technical improvements to boats andequipment in fishing fleets, which exacerbatesexcess fishing capacity and low returns tofishing effort and investment, given regulatoryand biological constraints. However, little attempt hasbeen made to quantify the extent or effects oftechnical change in fisheries. In this paper, we usedetailed data on innovation patterns for 19vessels in the Sète trawl fleet of southernFrance to evaluate the contributions oftechnical change to catch rates. We find thatembodied technical change enhanced productivity by approximately one percent per year between 1985 and 1999, but that external (disembodied) events counteractedthis trend, causing a net output decline ofabout three percent per year.     

基于随机前沿生产函数的我国烟草企业效率分析

本文选取12家烟草企业作为研究对象,利用随机前沿生产函数考察了从2001年到2005年5年期间的烟草企业生产效率.研究结果表明:中国烟草企业之间的生产效率差异并不大;企业规模与企业的生产效率呈正比例关系.本文研究结果的重要政策含义是,如果继续提高烟草企业的生产效率,就必须打破企业间的市场分割,深化企业间的联合重组,保持企业的适度规模.     

广州环城市带旅游产品发展

城市周边作为旅游发展的一种基本空间类型,其产品类型和结构一直是国内外旅游研究的关注焦点。随着我国城市居民休闲度假旅游需求的日益增加,环城市带旅游问题日益突出。文章以广州为例,分析了环城市带旅游产品类型和分布及其旅游发展模式和发展特征,并指出目前存在的主要问题。特别是对主题公园、游乐场等主题型旅游产品,以及生态和度假旅游开发问题作进一步分析,最后提出环城市带旅游产品开发的对策。     

Mapinfo在区域城市环境质量评价中的应用

本文探讨了基于Mapinfo的城市环境质量评价研究思路,在明确评价单元划分和评价方法的基础上,以各个省区地级以上城市作为分析样本,通过对评价区城市环境质量状况的综合评价实证研究,结果表明:Mapin-fo的应用可以有效支持这一评价过程,它能够将数值计算与图形处理有机的结合起来,使评价工作更加简洁、直观、高效和易于操作。     

The optimal portfolio for the two-pillar mandatory pension system: the case of Poland

In the recent decade, there has been observed across the Central and Eastern European states the regulatory trend towards the increase of the non-financial (first) pension pillar size at the expense of the financial (second) pillar. It tends to question the consequences of this shift for the future retirement benefits. Applying the portfolio approach we address this issue by running a series of simulations to find out how to allocate pension contributions between both pillars in an optimal way. Our study contributes to the existing literature as follows. First, we do not perform the assessment of the predetermined regulatory solutions, but we look for an optimal one. Moreover, we allow our optimal rule to be time-varying, if necessary, which would be a true novelty in this research area. Second, we do not base our estimates on historical trends; rather, we apply the long-term economy’s projection to account for the society’s ageing impact, which is a crucially important factor for the solvency of the pension system. Adapting some of the simulation assumptions to fit the Polish case, our results confirm that current regulations underestimate the role of the capital pillar and the optimal allocation between both pillars should be time-varying.     

试论我国食品安全供应链综合管理

食品供应链综合管理的核心内容是质量认证与跟踪管理,其思想为解决我国食品供应链中的安全问题提供了基本的思路。本文在分析我国食品供应链中存在的与食品安全相关的问题基础上,对我国实践食品安全供应链综合管理进行了思考,提出了从宏观、中观、微观三个层面上进行食品安全供应链综合管理的框架,并对食品安全供应链综合管理中的信息集成与共享进行了探讨。     

福州市旅游客流量现状及其驱动因素

旅游客流量是衡量区域旅游业及旅游经济发展快慢的一个重要指标,也是反映旅游区景观质量好坏与综合服务水平高低的一个综合指标。文章依据福州市最近5年(1999—2003年)的旅游客流量及相关的社会经济数据,分年度、季度、月与黄金周等不同时段对近年来福州市区域旅游客流量的现状及其变动状况进行分析,并从旅游景区(点)内在的引力因素与外在的社会环境驱动因素两方面对影响福州市客流量的主要驱动因素进行了分析。     

FDI对江西经济增长的贡献

投资水平严重不足,资金紧缺已成为制约江西经济发展的瓶颈。FDI可提升产业关联度、促进人力资源开发和产生技术溢出效应。江西FDI的战略定位构想是:建立生态产业集聚园、营造良好的投资环境、完善区域性资本市场、培养“本土化”的高级人才。     

随机折现因子方法与CAPM关于风险溢价的实证比较

本文根据随机折现因子方法的基本理论，结合广义矩阵法和蒙特卡罗模拟，对随机折现因子方法和传统的CAPM对风险溢价的计算进行实证比较研究。实证结果表明，对于中小样本，随机折现因子方法比传统的CAPM方法优越。估计量较为精确，误差小；对于大容量样本，这两种方法性能接近。另外，随机折现因子方法得到Jensen＇sα均值比CAPM方法得到Jensen＇sα均值小，而且标准偏差明显较小，也从另一角度说明了随机折现因子方法的优越性。